What is Prescribed Burning?
Prescribed burning is a technique used to improve the quality and quantity of grassland and forest vegetation. A prescribed burn uses skillfully-applied fire to remove fuels of a forest, prairie or pasture. It is done for a specific purpose, under predetermined weather conditions. USDA NRCS NE Fact Sheet –12
Prescribed burning, when done correctly, can result in a variety of beneficial outcomes including wildlife habitat enhancement, improved forestland/grassland health, increased forage value for livestock, and reduced fire hazards. It suppresses certain undesirable plants and removes excessive plant residue, which stimulates new growth of desirable species. In forests, these burns remove thick layers of pine needles and old vegetation and prune low hanging branches on pine trees. As a result, sunlight is allowed to penetrate the soil surface and herbaceous plants are allowed to germinate and thrive.
Considerations
A fire plan should always be designed before a prescribed burn is implemented. Factors to consider include the amount and distribution of fine fuel, the goal end-results following the burn, desired weather conditions, preferred wind velocities, direction to burn and the location of highways and buildings.
UNWNRD Requirements
The UNWNRD has prescribed burning equipment available that can be checked out and used to assist with burns. To use this equipment, a landowner must work out a prescribed burn plan with an appropriate agency and receive a burn permit from their local Fire Department.
Assistance on burn plans is currently available through the Nebraska Forest Service and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (predominately on Conservation Reserve Program fields).
The UNWNRD will charge a minimal fee to use the equipment. Normal wear is expected, but evidence of abuse will result in greater charges to cover replacement costs. The borrower must sign a brief lease agreement before the equipment can leave the UNWNRD office.
Equipment Details
- Pumper Unit 150 gallon capacity
- Back-pack Sprayers 4 gallon capacity
- ATV Sprayer 25 gallon capacity
- Drip Torches
- Fire Rakes McLeod Tool (combination hoe and rake)
- Fire Swatters
- Pulaski Axes
- Shovels
- Portable Weather Station Reads temperature, wind chill, humidity, heat stress, wind speed and dew point
- Protective Clothing Nomex pants and shirts, goggles, helmets
Benefits of Prescribed Burning:
Improved forest and grassland health
Decreased fire hazards due to removal of pine needle layers and/or old vegetation
Enhanced wildlife habitat
Decreased forest competition for moisture resulting in enhanced streams and springs
New growth of suppressed hardwood trees
Improved soil quality due to nutrients recycling back into the ground
Reduced erosion resulting from an increase in vegetation density
Improved rangeland forage value
Long-term reduction of invasive weed infestations